Enhances cellular energy levels
AICAR improves energy levels in the body primarily by activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a key enzyme involved in energy regulation. Once AICAR is converted into ZMP within the cells, it mimics the effects of AMP, leading to the activation of AMPK. This activation triggers a series of metabolic changes that enhance energy metabolism [1].
AMPK activation increases glucose uptake by the cells, boosting glycolysis and rapidly producing ATP, the cell’s main energy currency. Additionally, AMPK enhances the oxidation of fatty acids, breaking down stored fats to provide further energy. This dual action not only increases immediate energy availability but also helps in reducing fat accumulation, promoting a leaner body composition.
Improves the metabolism
AMPK plays a crucial role in cellular energy regulation, and its activation triggers several downstream effects that facilitate increased glucose uptake.
One of the key mechanisms is the upregulation of glucose transporter proteins, such as GLUT4, which translocate to the cell membrane, allowing more glucose to enter the cell. This process is pivotal for improving glucose uptake, especially in muscle and adipose tissues. Once inside the cell, glucose undergoes glycolysis, a metabolic pathway that breaks down glucose to produce ATP, the primary energy currency of the cell.
By boosting glucose uptake and enhancing glycolysis, AICAR effectively increases cellular energy levels. This mechanism is particularly beneficial for metabolic health, offering potential therapeutic advantages for conditions like diabetes, where glucose regulation is impaired [4].
Reduces body fat
By the activation of AMPK fatty acid oxidation is enhanced, a process where stored fats are broken down into fatty acids and converted into energy. By promoting the use of fats as an energy source, AICAR shifts energy metabolism from storage to utilization, thereby reducing fat accumulation [5].
Additionally, AMPK activation influences lipid metabolism by inhibiting the synthesis of new fatty acids and promoting the breakdown of existing fats. This results in decreased lipid storage and an overall reduction in body fat.
Promotes cardiovascular health
By activating AMPK, AICAR improves endothelial function, which is vital for maintaining healthy blood vessels. This enhancement leads to better vascular relaxation and blood flow, reducing the risk of hypertension and atherosclerosis.
Furthermore, AICAR enhances lipid metabolism by increasing fatty acid oxidation, which helps lower triglyceride levels and prevent the accumulation of harmful lipids in the bloodstream. This process aids in maintaining a healthy lipid profile, crucial for cardiovascular health [5].
AICAR also plays a role in reducing inflammation, a key factor in the development of cardiovascular diseases. By dampening inflammatory pathways, it mitigates the risk of plaque formation and arterial blockages [6].
Reduces inflammation
When AMPK is activated by AICAR, it influences several inflammatory pathways, leading to a reduction in inflammation. One of the key mechanisms involves the inhibition of the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathway, a primary regulator of inflammatory responses. By suppressing NF-κB activity, AICAR reduces the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators, which are often elevated in inflammation-related conditions [7].
Additionally, AMPK activation modulates other pathways, such as the downregulation of mTOR signalling, which is associated with inflammatory processes. These actions collectively help in diminishing chronic inflammation and may offer therapeutic benefits for conditions like arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic disorders that involve inflammation as a central feature.
Buy AICAR Pre-Mixed Peptide Pen Netherlands. Complete pen kits and pre-mixed refill cartridges supplied by PharmaLabGlobal for research purposes.